Knowledge Management (KM) is a discipline that seeks to optimize the capture, storage, distribution, and application of knowledge within an organization. Its main purpose is to improve efficiency, innovation, and decision-making through the effective use of available knowledge.

Key Concepts
The foundations of Knowledge Management are based on the following pillars:

• Tacit and Explicit Knowledge: Knowledge can be tacit (experience-based and difficult to formalize) or explicit (documented and easily shareable).
• Knowledge Management Cycle: Includes the creation, capture, storage, distribution, and application of knowledge.
• Knowledge Management Models: Such as Nonaka and Takeuchi’s SECI model, which describes knowledge conversion in four processes: socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization.
• Technology and Tools: Databases, intranets, artificial intelligence, and knowledge management systems that facilitate the collection and distribution of information.
  Organizational Culture: Knowledge management is only effective if a culture of collaboration and learning is fostered within the company.

Importance and Applications
Knowledge management is crucial today, especially in business and academic environments where information is a strategic asset. It facilitates innovation, improves competitiveness, and enables organizations to adapt more agilely to environmental changes.

Its application is seen in various sectors, such as education, healthcare, business management, and technology. Leading companies such as Google, Microsoft, and Toyota have implemented KM strategies to enhance their development and maintain their market leadership.